The Scent of Authority: Exploring the Nexus of Perfume, Rituals, and Power in Sasanian Society

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 M.A. in Photography, Soore University, tehran, iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Handicrafts, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

Abstract
As one of the most crucial epochs in Iranian history, Sasanian society played a fundamental role in the formation of cultural symbols; however, the function of "scent" in consolidating rituals and reproducing political power during this era has remained neglected. Aimed at exploring the symbolic and social functions of perfume in the Sasanian period, this research employs the theoretical framework of Michel Foucault's microphysics of power to demonstrate how scent simultaneously served as an instrument for consolidating religious rites, reproducing the hierarchy of the royal court, and establishing social boundaries. The research methodology is descriptive-analytical; data were collected from archaeological evidence, Pahlavi texts, and historical documents, and subsequently analyzed through the genealogy of power approach. In addressing questions regarding the position of scent in Sasanian culture and rituals, as well as the role of analyzing olfactory perception in understanding the social structures and symbolic systems of the period, this study concludes that perfume was not merely a symbol of social hierarchy, but rather operated as an active instrument in the reproduction of power, religious legitimacy, and the formation of collective identity. Consequently, by focusing on the intersection of scent, rituals, and social hierarchy, the present research highlights the significance of the politics of scent as a fundamental element in comprehending the power structure of the Sasanian era.

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Volume 15, Issue 2 - Serial Number 30
Autumn and Winter 2025-2026
March 2026
Pages 291-324

  • Receive Date 06 November 2025
  • Revise Date 23 April 2026
  • Accept Date 26 April 2026