Document Type : Research Article
Authors
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Abstract
Baluchestan is one of the most complicated areas in Iran regarding social and cultural features. Zahedan as its capital is a place being affected by national and regional factors and a place where populations holding various perceptions of life-style with combination of various nationalities, races, tribes, and classes live together. All the above mentioned factors have made this region a complicated and heterogeneous case so far. Baluch tribe was one of the main population groups of Zahedan during the First Pahlavi era and the largest among other races of the region (prior to the First Pahlavi era). One of the main causes of the change in the size of the population of this group was the immigration of a part of Baluch population across the border during the First Pahlavi era. This divergent and heterogonous structure of population has remained until today; as a result, the examination of the background of this issue is necessary. This paper explores how socio-cultural and religious factors influenced the rate of the immigration of Baluch people from Zahedan through analysis of documents and library sources. The results of the study indicate that socio-cultural and religious factors were among the indices which paved the way for this immigration during the First Pahlavi era in Zahedan. Kinship bonds and the common social origins of Baluch people in surrounding countries set the ground for a number of indigenous dwellers, in particular, the Baluch. They suffered from certain predicaments resulted from social hierarchy and dominant traditions derived by social and economic stimulators. So they could not manage to settle and live in Zahedan anymore and immigrated across the border.
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