Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Master degree in the history of Iran, Islamic era, Shahid Beheshti University,tehran,iran.

Abstract

The change in traditional timekeeping by establishing official time as the formal time of Iran to align with the international standard time of the modern era was one of the most important issues in the modernization policy of the Pahlavi period. After approving the rules and laws of Iran's official time according to Tehran's horizon in 1307 and 1314 [1928 and 1935 CE], and implementing the 24-hour model of modern timekeeping, the government initiated programs in state organization, social relations, and economic activities of Iranian society to implement it, which was accompanied by challenges. The nature of these challenges and how the government dealt with them is the focus of this article. Therefore, one can ask: What were the challenges of formalizing time in Iran during the Pahlavi era, what were the government's programs in facing these challenges, and what were people's reactions to it?

The hypothesis of the article is that the shift from the concept of traditional time to modern timekeeping in the process of modernism during the Pahlavi era and the formalization of time created unprecedented issues for the government. These issues were addressed using the authority of the modern state and its legal-judicial capacity, which allowed for cultural and social adaptation in Iranian society.

Examination of documents and explanation of events of that period through historical methods shows that the government ultimately succeeded in institutionalizing official time in contemporary Iranian society by resorting to methods of compromise, incentive-punitive cultural promotion, alongside utilizing legal and judicial powers.

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